What is meant by Fast Ethernet ?

Hi everyone on today we are going to learn about the Fast Ethernet.It is a standard (IEEE 802.3u) that has been established for Ethernet networks that need higher transmission speeds. This standard raises the Ethernet speed limit from 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps with only minimal changes to the existing cable structure. Fast Ethernet provides faster throughput for video, multimedia, graphics, Internet surfing and stronger error detection and correction.

There are three types of Fast Ethernet: 100BASE-TX for use with level 5 UTP cable; 100BASE-FX for use with fiber-optic cable; and 100BASE-T4 which utilizes an extra two wires for use with level 3 UTP cable. The 100BASE-TX standard has become the most popular due to its close compatibility with the 10BASE-T Ethernet standard.

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What is meant by Ethernet ?

Hi everyone on today we are going to learn about Ethernet in simple terms to remember easily.

It is the technology that is most commonly used in wired local area networks (LANs). A LAN is a network of computers and other electronic devices that covers a small area such as a room, office, schools, college buildings.

Ethernet is the most popular physical layer LAN technology in use today. It defines the number of conductors that are required for a connection, the performance thresholds that can be expected, and provides the framework for data transmission. A standard Ethernet network can transmit data at a rate up to 10 Megabits per second (10 Mbps). Other LAN types include Token Ring, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, 10 Gigabit Ethernet, Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI), Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and LocalTalk.

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Routing Information Protocol

Hi everyone on today we are going to learn about RIP that is routing information protocol. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one of the oldest distance-vector routing protocols which employ the hop count as a routing metric. RIP prevents routing loops by implementing a limit on the number of hops allowed in a path from source to destination.

RIP is an good example of distance vector routing protocol. RIP is based on the number of hop counts. RIP is good for small networks because it allows only 15 hops in a network. In other words we can say that, if a packet is sent by the RIP protocol then it is discarded after 15 hops.

RIP used to do a modified hop count as a way to determine network distance. (Modified reflects the fact that network engineers can assign paths a higher cost). Other routing protocols push less information of their own onto the network, while RIP pushes its whole routing table every 30 seconds.

What is meant by hop count that we have seen on above sentence ?
Data packets that pass through bridges, routers and gateways as they travel between source and destination. Each time packets are passed to the next network device, a hop occurs. The hop count refers to the number of intermediate devices through which data must pass between source and destination.

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TCP Three-way handshake

Hi everyone on today we are going to learn about TCP three-way handshake in simplified terms.

I would like you to remember that the Google webpage or any other webpage  that can be used as real time example. When we see in TCP that this connection oriented protocol is also called as Three-way handshake.

The Three-way handshake ensures that there is proper connectivity between the hosts after which connections is to be established. This TCP does windowing and flow control as well.

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What is meant by NIC ?

Network Interface Card (NIC) is a circuit board that is mandatory for any device to communicate.

NIC can be of two types they are ;

• Wired NIC
• Wireless NIC

Wired NIC are used for wired cable connections and in wireless NIC are used for wireless connections. 

For example: we can say that Laptop will have both wired NIC and wireless NIC. But when we see at Desktop computers will have only wired NIC. Also in the new generations we can see that wireless NIC (Wi-Fi) are used in these devices such as  mobiles phone and tablets like iPad, lava, samsung, etc.

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User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is an unreliable service that is the end devices won't care about the delivery status. UDP is a connection less protocol which doesn't establish any connection before transmitting the data. This protocol is widely used in the field of real time activities. Real time activities in the sense , actions like live video streaming, voice and video calling , etc.

UDP is also used for bootstrapping and for DNS request. For the real time example we can say that works on UDP are Skype, viber, live telecast. And these are few applications such as web browsers, chat clients that works on TCP.

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